Blood cancer occurs when there is an overproduction of abnormal functioning cells in the body. The mass production of abnormal cells suppresses the bone marrow in the production of healthy cells such as platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells.
How many stages of it? There are four stages of blood cancer, which are the following:
Why blood cancer occurs? There is no definite reason yet what are blood cancer causes, but scientists believed that it is formed due to genetic and environmental factors.
Here are some risk factors that make a person is a higher risk of developing cancer in the blood:
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Several tests are performed for it diagnosis, which are:
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Can it be treated? There are various blood cancer treatments that are used depending on the type of cancer in the blood and its severity.
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Blood cancer is very dangerous for our health, we need to find out its symptoms on time and start the treatments as soon as possible if we find symptoms in our health routine we should contact the doctor and inform that what happens. after consulting the doctor and get positive we should not delay we should start treatments of blood cancer.
Blood cancer is the type of cancer that originates from the bone marrow as bone marrow is the integral source of blood production. blood cancer affects the production and function of a patient’s blood cell.
There are two type BLOOD CANCER:
Since the symptoms of Blood Cancer can be confused by flu or other common illnesses so these may often be ignored or overlooked. The symptoms differ from patient to patient as these depend on certain factors including the type of blood cancer, the stage of cancer, the progression (acute or chronic).
A few common signs of blood cancer may include the following:
There are no exact known causes for developing cancer, but studies prove that some factors may increase the chances a person can have cancer in his/her life. Risk factors can be different for different types of cancer, but there are a few common risk factors for all types of cancer. A few are listed below:
Exposure to chemicals like benzene, formaldehyde, heavy factory smoke and chemicals, etc. can also cause blood cancer.
Exposure to radiation can also cause Blood cancer. The higher the dose of radiation, the more the risk of developing blood cancer.
Smoking is said to be one of the major risk factors for causing blood cancer because tobacco is likely to damage or change the DNA of blood cells that causes abnormal growth causing blood cancer. It can also reduce the body’s immunity, making the body more prone to illness.
Today, more than 50% of the world’s population do not follow a nutritious diet, a few foods, however, increase the risk of cancer. They are as follows:
The most common tests used to diagnose blood cancer available at Oncoplus Hospital are:
This blood test measures the concentration of various types of blood cells-red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet cell count, in the given sample. This test determines abnormalities in the blood cells or their concentration in blood. Bone marrow biopsy may help in confirming this diagnosis.
Removal of bone marrow sample for testing is called bone marrow biopsy or aspiration, the difference being the follows:
This test determines if the cancer is affecting the bone marrow, the type of blood cancer, and the stage of cancer. The main purpose of this test is to confirm blood cancer as well as bone marrow disorders if any also detect any DNA abnormalities in the sample.
Blood cancer affects the blood cells that successively means the immune system fully gets affected. The lymphatic system is responsible for human immunity. It includes tonsils, spleen, and lymph nodes. The lymph nodes are present in hundreds of the body, which contain white blood cells to fight infections.
In lymph node biopsy, a small cut is made and the node is taken, and the cut is closed by stitches. This test provides information about blood cancer, type, and stage.
It is also referred to as lumbar puncture. A fine needle is inserted in the space between the bones in the lower back and cerebrospinal fluid is extracted from the spine. This fluid is examined under a microscope to assess the progress of blood cancer, whether it has spread to the spinal cord.
This check determines the blood and bone marrow cells to research an amendment within the white blood cell count that might cause cancer.
An instrument known as a flow cytometer is used to measure the number and percentage of cells and their characteristics.
This check maps the forty-six human chromosomes of a cell to see the changes within the chromosomes and their arrangement.
The appearance of This checks for abnormalities within the size, shape, range, and arrangement of the blood cells or bone marrow cells.
The stage indicates the extent of cancer progression. The stage of cancer helps the specialist to define the correct treatment option for blood cancer. Staging of blood cancer is classified based on blood cell counts and accumulation of these cells within other organs like the spleen, liver, etc. Stages are assessed after a proper evaluation of the patient.
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The treatment of blood cancer depends on several factors including the type and stage of cancer, age of the patient, and the organs involved by cancer.
The most crucial treatment options available for blood cancer at Oncoplus are explained below:
Chemotherapy destroys the rapidly growing cells in the body using chemical drug therapy. It is one of the most reliable and effective treatments to cure blood cancer.
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In Chemotherapy, chemical/drugs/medicines are injected into veins or the larger muscle, which then travel along the bloodstream to reach the cancer cells. These drugs stop the cancerous cells from spreading further in the body. Chemotherapy is conducted in stages allowing the patient to handle the side effects of treatment, however, these are generally short-termed and medication is prescribed after every session of therapy.
Side effects of Chemotherapy in blood cancer treatment:
Few organs including the Heart, Lier, Brain, Testicles, Ovaries, kidneys are affected due to chemotherapy. Other common side effects of chemotherapy include:
The oncologist and team at Oncoplus takes care of the tolerance levels of the Patient before proceeding with the treatment.
Radiation therapy damages the DNA in the cancerous cells using high-energy radiation, which further restricts their growth and reproduction.
Side effects of radiotherapy in treatment of blood cancer:
Since radiations are of high energy so it is advised to have a nutritious diet after radiotherapy also regular exercises contribute to the benefits of the patient’s health after radiotherapy.
Since other treatment methods destroy the cancerous cells so patient’s body needs more new cells to maintain the normal functioning of the body. Stem cells are the cells of the bone marrow that develop further to produce new blood cells.
This type of therapy targets the specific molecules that help cancer to grow and spread across the body. The main agenda of this therapy is to target the genes, proteins, and supporting blood vessels. This therapy is done alone or in combination with chemotherapy.
Side effects of Blood targeted therapy are :
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