Bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue found in the center of the majority of bones. Multiple myeloma cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma are all cancers that can develop in the bone marrow. Stem cells in bone marrow develop into various types of blood cells, including:
Red blood cells transport oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body;
white blood cells fight infection; and platelets aid in blood clotting.
When the body requires these blood cells, such as when old blood cells die, the body usually produces them. When these cells replicate too quickly, bone marrow cancer develops.
In this blog, we will look at the various types of bone marrow cancer, as well as their symptoms and treatment options.
Doctors identify bone marrow cancer based on the type of cell it affects in the body:
Multiple myeloma is a cancer that develops in the plasma cells of the bone marrow. Plasma cells are important components of the immune system because they produce antibodies that the body requires to fight foreign bacteria.
Cancers of the white blood cells are known as leukemias. These cancers can begin in other types of blood cells and then spread, or metastasize, into the bone marrow. Acute leukemias are cancers that grow quickly, whereas chronic leukemias grow slowly.
Cancer develops in the lymphocytes that circulate in the blood and lymph tissue after being produced in the bone marrow in people with lymphoma. Lymphoma can develop in a variety of locations throughout the body, including the bone marrow.
The type of treatment for bone marrow cancer is determined by a variety of factors, including the extent and type of cancer, as well as the patient’s age and overall health. A cancer care team will tailor treatment to the individual’s healthcare requirements.
Chemotherapy employs medications to either kill or prevent cancer cells from replicating. Chemotherapy treatment comes in a variety of forms. Chemotherapy is frequently administered by injection or via an intravenous (IV) drip by a cancer team. They will, however, occasionally give the individual oral medications instead.
This treatment involves delivering radiation directly to cancer cells in order to prevent them from multiplying and spreading. An oncologist, a cancer specialist, may use a machine that directs a high-powered radiation beam at the affected bone marrow.
If the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, the oncologist may advise total body irradiation. A specialized machine will be used by the cancer care team to immerse an individual in radiation. This irradiation is frequently used in conjunction with chemotherapy drugs as a preparation for a bone marrow transplant.
In some cases, a stem cell transplant may be an option, but not everyone with bone marrow cancer is a candidate for this type of treatment. Before the stem cells are administered via IV, a person will receive high doses of chemotherapy or radiation therapy to kill the existing bone marrow.
Bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue found in the center of the majority of bones. Multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma are all cancers that can develop in the bone marrow. Stem cells in bone marrow develop into various types of blood cells, including:
Red blood cells transport oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body; white blood cells fight infection; and platelets aid in blood clotting.
When the body requires these blood cells, such as when old blood cells die, the body usually produces them. When these cells replicate too quickly, bone marrow cancer develops.
In this blog, we will look at the various types of bone marrow cancer, as well as their symptoms and treatment options.
Doctors identify this types of cancer based on the type of cell it affects in the body:
Multiple myeloma is a cancer that develops in the plasma cells of the bone marrow. Plasma cells are important components of the immune system because they produce antibodies that the body requires to fight foreign bacteria.
Cancers of the white blood cells are known as leukemias. These cancers can begin in other types of blood cells and then spread, or metastasize, into the bone marrow. Acute leukemias are cancers that grow quickly, whereas chronic leukemias grow slowly.
Cancer develops in the lymphocytes that circulate in the blood and lymph tissue after being produced in the bone marrow in people with lymphoma. Lymphoma can develop in a variety of locations throughout the body, including the bone marrow.
The type of treatment for this type of cancer is determined by a variety of factors, including the extent and type of cancer, as well as the patient’s age and overall health. A cancer care team will tailor treatment to the individual’s healthcare requirements.
Chemotherapy employs medications to either kill or prevent cancer cells from replicating. Chemotherapy treatment comes in a variety of forms. Chemotherapy is frequently administered by injection or via an intravenous (IV) drip by a cancer team. They will, however, occasionally give the individual oral medications instead.
This treatment involves delivering radiation directly to cancer cells in order to prevent them from multiplying and spreading. An oncologist, a cancer specialist, may use a machine that directs a high-powered radiation beam at the affected bone marrow.
If the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, the oncologist may advise total body irradiation. A specialized machine will be used by the cancer care team to immerse an individual in radiation. This irradiation is frequently used in conjunction with chemotherapy drugs as a preparation for a bone marrow transplant.
In some cases, a stem cell transplant may be an option, but not everyone with bone marrow cancer is a candidate for this type of treatment. Before the stem cells are administered via IV, a person will receive high doses of chemotherapy or radiation therapy to kill the existing bone marrow.
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Leukemias are cancers that begin in cells that normally develop into various types of blood cells. Most leukemias begin in the early stages of white blood cells, but some leukemias begin in other types of blood cells.
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) is a type of leukaemia that is also known as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The term “acute” refers to the fact that the leukaemia can progress quickly and, if left untreated, will most likely be fatal within a few months. The term “lymphocytic” refers to the fact that it develops from early (immature) forms of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell.
Everything begins in the bone marrow (the soft inner part of certain bones, where new blood cells are made). Most of the time, leukaemia cells infiltrate the bloodstream quickly.
Chemotherapy (chemo) is the application of drugs to the treatment of cancer. Chemotherapeutic drugs travel through the bloodstream to reach cancer cells throughout the body. Chemotherapy is therefore useful for cancers that have spread throughout the body, such as leukaemia.
Drugs used in targeted therapy work by attacking specific parts of cancer cells. They are not the same as standard chemotherapy (chemo) drugs. They occasionally work when chemo does not, and they frequently have different side effects. Some of these medications may be beneficial in certain cases of acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL).
Immunotherapy is the use of medications to assist a patient’s immune system in more effectively recognising and destroying cancer cells. Certain types of immunotherapies are now being used to treat acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL).
In the treatment of ALL, surgery plays a very limited role. Because leukaemia cells spread so widely throughout the bone marrow and blood, surgery cannot cure this type of cancer. Surgery, with the exception of a possible lymph node biopsy, is rarely used in the diagnosis of ALL, as this is typically done with a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy.
Radiation treatment is similar to getting an x-ray, except that the radiation is much stronger. The procedure is completely painless. Each treatment is only a few minutes long, but the setup time in getting you into position for treatment – is usually longer. The number of treatments you receive is determined by the reason radiation therapy is used.
A stem cell transplant (SCT) allows doctors to use higher doses of chemotherapy (sometimes with radiation) to kill cancer cells. Following the completion of these treatments, the patient receives an infusion of blood-forming stem cells to restore their bone marrow.
Treatment is usually divided into three stages:
Early detection and treatment of bone cancer is important in achieving cure rates of 60 to 70%. However, the cost of treatment can be expensive, ranging anywhere from 20,000 to three lakhs. These costs include the cost of chemotherapy drugs and any implants that need to be implanted during surgery. Only a few people can afford the entire course of treatment. That’s where the availability of affordable, high quality clinics in India comes into play.
The first step towards finding a good clinic is to find a medical school in India. Indian colleges and hospitals are highly regarded. Moreover, the Indian government subsidizes the cost of medical treatment for people with bone cancer. As a patient, you can avail government benefits for health care services. The cost of a hospital stay can be more than a thousand dollars. But, it is still worth it because many cancer treatments can save your life.
One of the best ways to find a good clinic is by reading online reviews. There are several websites that offer detailed information about clinics. Checking out reviews of several different clinics is an excellent way to find the right one for your specific needs. A quality hospital will use the latest technology to deliver radiation to your bones, limiting any damage to healthy tissue. The treatment may also be combined with surgery to enhance the outcome. If all else fails, you can even go for a bone transplant or an osteosarcoma.
The most common symptom of bone cancer is persistent pain or swelling in the area of the tumor. This pain may increase over time and may not improve despite rest. Symptoms may also increase with age and can be difficult to treat, affecting daily activities and quality of life. Additionally, the cancer may cause weight loss and decreased appetite. The symptoms will usually be easily treatable with blood tests, X-ray, or MRI scan.
The most common symptom of bone cancer is pain in the affected area. This pain may increase with activity or at night. It can affect the ability to move the affected limb and cause fractures. Older people should be checked for this condition by a healthcare professional. They should visit a hospital that specializes in treating bone cancer. They should also get a CT scan and PET-CT scan to make sure the disease isn’t spreading to other parts of their body.
The diagnosis of bone tumors can be challenging. The earliest stage of the disease is stage I or II. The survival rate for people with this type of cancer is 70% to 75%. If the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, the risk of survival is higher. In stage III, the disease may spread to the lungs and other body sites. There are two stages of the disease. In the first stage, the patient will have a low chance of surviving the disease.
Patients with this disease should keep their fingers moving. In stage II, the tumor is not very large and has a low grade. In stage III, the tumor has already spread to the lungs and lymph nodes. The most advanced stage is called stage IV. Amputation is the only option that cannot be used for this type of cancer. Amputation is a last resort for patients with this disease. Amputation is the only choice left.
During the first stage, the cancer can spread to other parts of the body. In this case, the patient will undergo a surgery where the tumour is removed in part of the lung. In the case of stage IV, the whole lung is removed. The operation should be performed in a way that the patient can breathe after the operation. Once diagnosed, the surgeon will perform a procedure to remove the tumour. It is important to seek out treatment for bone cancer at the earliest opportunity.
Stage IV is often the first step in treating the disease. In stage IV, the patient will be given chemotherapy to help the patient recover. In stage IV, the patient will undergo surgery to remove the affected part of the lung. During this phase, the patient will undergo physiotherapy sessions and occupational therapy to ensure that they are not in pain or have difficulty breathing. The cancer will spread to other organs and may also return after treatment.
The prevalence of Kidney Cancer in India is about four times higher than in the western world, a difference which may be partly due to the lack of medical facilities. In addition, the survival rate and prognosis are largely influenced by age, so the results for India are alarming. This article will discuss the most common forms of the disease, and how treatment options vary across the country. The findings will be helpful for those affected by kidney cancer
The incidence of kidney cancer in India is increasing, with the prevalence of the disease rising every year. The disease affects men and women of any age, ethnicity, or geography. Although most cases are incidental, patients should be screened as soon as they are diagnosed. Moreover, advanced technology is making it easier than ever to detect the disease in its early stages. The cost of kidney cancer treatment in India is extremely low, making it an ideal option for many patients with this type of disease.
Treatment options for patients with this condition vary depending on the stage of the disease. In Stage IV/Metastatic, tumours can have any size, and positive nodes are indicative of the presence of cancer cells. In this stage, there is no cure for the disease, but it can be treated by palliation and life-prolonging therapies. PET scans can help determine whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, and they can show the progression of the disease. Clear cell adenocarcinoma is the most common type of kidney cancer, but other rare types include Mercel cell, papillary cell, and papillary cell. Other rarer types include Lymphoma and Sarcoma.
Patients with stage I kidney cancer have a high five-year survival rate if the tumours are under seven centimetres in diameter. In stage II patients, the survival rate is lower, but the patient is still alive. A stage III patient with a larger tumor has a higher five-year survival rate. The condition is also more severe, and the cancer can spread to other organs in the body. The five-year survival rate is significantly lower.
There are some benefits of having kidney cancer in India. Most of the treatments for the disease include surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. It is important to note that the treatment for stage III can be risky, so patients should consider their budget before seeking treatment. In the end, the treatment of stage IV kidney cancer depends on the stage of the disease. The tumor size can be anywhere from one to seven centimeters. It is important to seek medical advice as soon as possible after the cancer is diagnosed.
CT scan is a special imaging technique that allows doctors to construct a three-dimensional view of the internal body. The scan is necessary to find out whether there are any suspicious masses. In the case of cancer, the doctor will use various imaging techniques to determine the stage. The patient should have a regular checkup to see if they have any pain or other symptoms. The doctor will also recommend surgery. But it is important to know that it is possible to survive the disease, even in the advanced stages.
In case the symptoms of cancer have not been properly treated, the doctor may refer a patient to a specialist. The doctor will use a needle biopsy to determine the stage of the disease. The stage of the cancer is an important factor in selecting the right treatment options. During a post-op visit, the doctor will review the patient’s medical records and discuss the available treatments. A nephrologist will then be able to determine the exact cause of the disease.
The survival rate for kidney cancer in India is around two years. It depends on a number of factors, but in general, patients living in India can expect a three-year survival rate. The American Cancer Society reports that the survival rate for kidney cancer in India is three times higher than in the US. Fortunately, the majority of cases of the disease are detected in the early stages. The good news is that treatment for kidney cancer in India is available for people affected by the disease.
The incidence of kidney cancer in India is very high, with about 2/100,000 males and 1/100,000 females diagnosed with the disease. The most common stage of this disease is localized, where the treatments aim to cure the patient as soon as possible. In regional stages, the only option is surgical removal of the affected organ. This type of treatment is expensive but can offer good outcomes. It also requires aggressive intervention and is associated with a high five-year survival rate.
There are over 40,000 patients diagnosed with renal cancer in India, according to a Globocan 2020 report. These patients need aggressive treatments that have been proven to work. In India, the treatment of stage one cancer is relatively simple compared to the treatments for stage two. On the other hand, treatment for stage two cancer requires a kidney tumor that is at least seven centimeters in size. If the tumor has spread to nearby organs, it may even be metastasized.
In India, kidney cancer has increased in the last few decades. The incidence is one of the top 10 cancers for both men and women. The lifetime risk is about 1.6%. The condition is more common in older individuals and is more likely to affect older people. Fortunately, in India, it is treatable when detected early. In the US, more than 130,000 people die every year of kidney cancer. In fact, many of these patients have stage 1 disease.
During the initial stage, doctors try to remove as much of the cancer as possible. The surgeons often perform surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, and then use radiation to shrink the cancer cells. The treatment can be costly, and it’s best to consult a specialist if the disease is in the later stages. The kidney tumor may spread to the bones, so treatment may need further therapy. If it spreads beyond the kidney, it may need surgery to stop its spread.
For most patients with advanced kidney cancer, surgery is the best option. However, if the tumors are too large for surgery, an ablation using a catheter is an alternative. This method is more expensive and can result in a relapse. If the cancer spreads to other organs, it’s called a relapse, and is more difficult to treat. In such cases, a physician might perform a more radical treatment that does not involve a surgery.
Most patients with advanced kidney cancer undergo surgery. The goal of this treatment is to preserve the kidney’s function and to reduce the risks of hernia. In some cases, the entire kidney may have to be removed. In some cases, the cancer may have spread beyond the kidney and the surgeon will have to resort to immunotherapy or targeted therapy. The patient’s overall health is also of the utmost importance.
Surgical treatment options for kidney cancer in India vary from country to country. In some countries, patients will be able to choose the procedure that best suits their needs. There are many options in India that are effective in treating this disease, including laparoscopic surgeries and traditional methods. While both of these procedures are invasive, they are safe and provide excellent pain relief. During surgery, the patient will experience a painful hernia.
Among the various treatments for this disease, immunotherapy is a treatment that allows the patient’s immune system to become more effective. It can prevent cancer from spreading to other organs. The drug can be administered either intramuscularly or intravenously. For those with advanced kidney cancer, targeted therapy is another option. If cancer has spread to some parts of the body, it can spread to other areas of the body.
A good night’s sleep is as important as eating clean and exercising, most people require seven to nine hours of sleep per night, though most people don’t get enough sleep, which put a persons health at risk.
Studies state short sleep — defined as sleeping fewer than 7 hours per night — with a greater risk of weight gain and a higher body mass index. A Study in two years back found that adults who slept fewer than 7 hours per night had a whopping forty one percent increased risk of developing obesity, whereas sleeping longer didn’t increase the risk.
Sleep deprivation increases levels of ghrelin and decreases levels of leptin. Ghrelin is a hormone that makes us feel hungry while leptin makes us feel full. This may cause us to feel hungrier and overeat at night or when you’re supposed to be in bed. Sleep-deprived individuals have a bigger appetite and tend to eat more calories. Prioritizing sleep assists in maintaining healthy body weight, as lack of sleep will leave you tired and may discourage you from doing physical activity.
Sleep is important for various aspects of brain function and it improves cognition, concentration, productivity, and performance. All of which can be adversely affected by lack of sleep. Studies state good sleeping patterns have shown improvement in cognitive development among children and it was found that children who slept well did academically well as opposed to kids who didn’t get enough sleep.
A good night’s sleep has been shown to improve problem-solving skills and improve memory performance in both kids and adults. Sleep well, eat healthy, and exercise often. Lack of sleep is associated with many bad health effects, including increased risk of cardiovascular disease, depression, weight gain, inflammation, and over all tiredness.
Do your feet feel flatter than before? Does your entire foot touch the ground when you stand? Chances are that you have flat foot. Also called fallen arches or pes planus, it is a medical condition in which the arches of the feet touch the ground when you stand. It can also be confirmed by footprints, the patterns of shoes you wear, CT scan or X-ray.
The arches of the feet provide them with extra strength when moving. Most people generally don’t notice it as it may not cause them any problems but many people with flat feet suffer from fatigue or pain in the ankles, heels, arches or outside ankles, this may further lead to swelling, splintered shins, knee ache and hip pain.
Infants are normally born with flat feet. Their feet develop the arches by the time they are two or three years old as the tendons in their feet and lower legs develop. But sometimes these tendons may remain underdeveloped leaving these children with fallen arches. It could also be genetic in nature.
On the other hand, adults develop fallen arches as they age because their bones and tendons weaken over time. Women are thrice as likely to develop fallen arches as men due to hormones released during pregnancy which soften the bones and tendons or due to improper footwear choices which cause their feet discomfort and weaken them over time.
It could also be the result of injuries to the muscles, bones or tendons in the feet or lower legs. They could also be the result of diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure or rheumatism. Obesity is also a cause due to added stress on the feet. Sitting for long hours of the day could also be a reason as feet don’t get enough exercise and thus weaken over time.
Treatment usually depends on how much pain or discomfort you are facing due to flat feet. If you are not in pain you probably don’t need any treatment. But if your feet or lower legs ache or you show signs of any discomfort like swelling, your podiatrist might recommend the following:
Avoiding intense activities which place stress upon your feet like intense workout, outdoor sports, etc.
However, physical therapy, light workout and stretching exercises are recommended to build some leg strength.
Wearing shoes based on the occasion, like walking shoes for walking. They should also fit you.
Your doctor may prescribe braces, cast, orthopedic soles or modified shoes to support the arches of your feet.
Using ice packs and steroid-free anti-inflammatory medication to deal with pain and inflammation.
Proper diet and lifestyle changes to limit risks of diabetes, obesity or high blood pressure. In some severe cases, a surgery might be required. It may either involve rewiring your feet’s tendons or restructuring your feet’s bones.
Except for surgery, you can apply most of these treatments yourself at home to raise your fallen arches. If you don’t have flat feet, you can prevent it by exercise, wearing fitting shoes, good diet and other healthy lifestyle choices.
Frequent workout is one of the best things, which you can do for good health. People start to see and feel the good, which comes out of consistent physical activity quite quickly, though it takes a discipline and determination to make exercise a habit. This blog will help you start a routine and stick to it, it’s the beginners guide to a healthy lifestyle.
Ever wondered why people exercise?
It has been shown to improve your health significantly, it helps with attaining and maintaining a healthy body weight, reducing the risk of cardiovascular and other diseases. Regular exercise has shown to improve the mood, and mental health, it helps people sleep better and helps with their libido, maintaining good energy levels.
There are different kinds of exercises, which one can start with as per the intensity, capacity and requirement.
The exercises can be done individually or combined. The important thing is to do what works best for you and to have fun with it.
Starting a routine can be tough. However, having real objectives can help you maintain a fitness program in the long term. There are many different types of physical activity to choose from. Find ones that work best for you, start slowly, and build up your fitness level. Eat healthy diet and keep yourself hydrated. Start moving today!!!
When we think of environmental issues, we think of it as something that will affect our descendants in the far future or is affecting some faraway place not inhabited by humans like the polar regions or the oceans. But pollution is affecting us all now at our very homes. According to WHO, about 1.7 million children die every year due to environmental pollution. Pollution is associated with several diseases like diarrhea, cholera, dysentery, asthma and even several forms of cancers.
Fortunately, the situation has not gone out of our hands. We can still take steps to reduce and repair done to the environment and avoid or reduce the damage done to our health due to pollution. It may take some time and effort but you can save both the environment and yourself by following these green habits:
Public Transport
Vehicles which run on fuels like petrol and diesel, release greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide which increase global warming. The smoke from these vehicles is also responsible for air pollution and contain hazardous gases which when inhaled by humans can cause heart diseases, lung diseases and even cancer.
By choosing public transport like buses and metro instead of your car, you reduce the number of vehicles on the road that are burning fuels. As an added bonus, buses run on CNG while the metro trains run on electricity. So by choosing public transport, you reduce the amount of smoke going up in air and the chances of bronchitis and tuberculosis.
You might have to stand if all the seats are filled which is good for you. Sitting or lying down for long hours of the day can lead to health issues and weakness in muscles and joint. By standing you lower chances of diseases like diabetes and increase your lifespan.
Walking
You might think you are saving time by driving to that restaurant which would otherwise be a twenty-minute walk, but you are actually reducing your lifespan thanks to the fuel you turned to smoke.
Other than saving your lungs from your smoke, walking has several health benefits. By walking you maintain body weight, strengthen your bones, muscles and joints, improve your body balance and coordination, and prevent or manage various diseases like diabetes. You can maximise the benefits you reap by walking during low traffic hours like in early morning to get some fresh air in your lungs.
If walking takes too much time for your tastes, you can also cycle over to your destination. If you don’t feel like exercising at all, you can take the rickshaw or e-rickshaw if there are any in your locality.
Ban Smoking
You probably know all the harms of smoking with how much moneyand effort the government puts into anti-smoking campaigns. At the very least, you’ve seen that very graphic warning signs on your cigarette pack. Smoking does not just harm the smoker, it also harms non-smokers standing near them who just happen to inhale some smoke.
As such, smoking can be considered an air pollutant and which you should consider banning from your home or round you to protect yourself and your family from several health problems. Also go for no-smoking zones when going out.
Go Organic
Most fruits, vegetables, beans, grains and other food items available in the market are grown using chemical fertilizers and pesticides which remain in the crops long after they have been harvested. When you eat these fruits, you also ingest the chemicals like ammonia and urea which can cause several health problems including several forms of cancer.
The obvious solution is to not eat food grown using chemicals but those grown using natural methods like using manure for fertilizer. Organic food also contains more nutrients than inorganic food, as the chemicals in them also damage the nutrient content.
By choosing organic food, you are investing in people who grow crops using methods which do not poison the soil, underground water or the natural food chain. Naturally as the demand for organic products will increase, more food manufacturers will turn towards organic farming to meet the increasing demand.
Reduce The Noise
Noise pollution is one of the least talked about but one of the most dangerous forms of pollution. Exposure to loud noises can cause stress, high blood pressure, irritation, deafness, sleeping disorders, loss of consciousness and if loud enough, even death.
The only solution here is to make less of it. The noise you make affects you and those around you negatively. You can do so by using the car horn only when needed, raising volume of TV or radio to the level it is audible but does not annoy neighbors, avoiding crackers and loudspeakers when partying and not doing anything else which would create noise.
You may find yourself in a situation where others are making noise, calm down and try to persuade them. If you can’t persuade them, try calling in authorities who can.
These are only some green steps you can take to prevent pollution and avoid health problems. While some of these steps require entire cities, states or nations to truly make a huge impact, one person is a good start.
You can make the start towards a greener and healthier future by following these tips and encouraging your family and friends to do the same. And who knows, may be the domino effect will make the difference we need and all because you chose to follow!